History

Pizza or Tennis: a diplomatic incident?

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A warning to Wiebo users: do not share this. And yes, Coco does know that word this is miss-spelt as Coco does incorrectly spell ohters.

Freckles are apparently a diplomatic matter in one oriental country. Well perhaps Coco is overstating it, but apparently pizza is, which not being Italian Coco would not of course understand. We begin with the BBC in 2018 Dolce and Gabbana cancels Shanghai fashion show amid racism accusations:

‘Another user adds that a wave of companies and individuals have been smeared over “insults to [Seres]”, noting that the D&G incident was “raised to diplomatic level”.’

which was about an apparently entirely inappropriate pizzese incident.

This in 2019 then becomes a freckles incident Zara advert gets China asking: Are freckles beautiful?:
Some said that Ms Li’s appearance looked “ugly” to them.

Others have gone further, questioning whether Zara was “insulting” or “defaming the [Serenites]”, with one saying: “such pictures featuring an Asian model with freckles and an expressionless pie-shaped face mislead Westerners’ impressions about Asian women, and can lead to racism against Asian women.”‘

And then the small eyes incident [Sinæ]: Photographer sorry for ‘small eyes’ Dior picture:

In an editorial by the [Peking] Daily, the model in the Dior photo was described as having a “gloomy face” and sinister eyes”.

“The photographer is playing up to the brands, or the aesthetic tastes of the western world,” the editorial said. “For years, Asian women have always appeared with small eyes and freckles from the Western perspective, but the oriental way to appreciate art and beauty can’t be distorted by that.” Meanwhile, a commentary by [] Women’s News said that the image of the model with “swollen single eyelids” made people feel “uncomfortable”.’

Well, a face is a face, whether it is a freckly face or not is not your choice, but photoshopping a photograph of a face is the real distortion. In most of these extracts from the BBC articles quoting comments, by Coco assumes orientals, we could substitute references to orientals with occidental, perhaps even accidental, references or references to any other racial stereotype.

However that is not Coco’s point. If an advert is capable of going up to diplomatic levels, as has been reported, why is the disappearance of Peng Shuai not a diplomatic matter?
Peng Shuai: China says tennis star case maliciously hyped up

Perhaps the question should rather be, in the light of the deliberate malicious hyping up of photographs in advertisements of absolutely no consequence, why does that country suggest that the controversy, which does have consequences, surrounding tennis star Peng Shuai has been maliciously hyped up by others?

Of course, Coco hopes that Peng Shuai is well and free, but in the face of obstruction and obfuscation, by a government that hope has little on which to hold, which perhaps brings us back to Wuhan.

Daniel provides a commentary one who outgrew his boots: “‘Is not this great Babylon that I have built for a royal dwelling by my mighty power and for the honour of my majesty?’ While [this] word was still on the king’s mouth, a voice fell from heaven: King Nebuchadnezzar, to you it is spoken. The kingdom has departed from you. They shall drive you from men and your dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field…until you know that the Most High rules in the kingdom of men, and gives it to whomsoever he choose.’ … Nebuchadnezzar was driven out .. and ate grass like the oxen. His body was wet with the dew till his hair had grown like eagles’ feathers and nails like birds’ claws. “

Offended?

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Why academia is offensive – when difficult questions offend

The BBC article here set Coco wondering. First of all why the inhabitants of Britain have never had an apology from the Danes for the way they treated them a mere 1500 years or so ago when they repeatedly invaded those islands and badly treated the natives. Or perhaps it might be better to ask the French, though perhaps they would claim that the invaders were not in fact French, for an apology for the harrying of the North after the Norman conquest, which is very much closer to the present time than the Danish incursions. But an apology cannot expected for both, as it was the united English and Danes who suffered under the Norman [mis]treatment. So, rather than expect an apology Coco turned his head to a question instead, which is intended to provoke an active, careful, critical discussion of both sides of the argument.

Here there is an invading people who wish to inhabit peacefully the land which they have ‘inherited’, though there was some doubt at the time concerning the claim to the inheritance, and the people were unwilling to co-operate in their subjugation. The question is first of all a setting out of facts, presenting some interesting descriptions of the events and some opposing opinions on the matter and asking the student to weigh up the strengths and weaknesses of the arguments and the opportunities and threats that faced the opposing parties.

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the native British has been exaggerated?

Now, in the context of the question it may be clear what is meant, but the context is a little lacking here so let Coco state the question again, this time in full:

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the British people by the Norman French after the invasion of 1066 in particular during the period known as the harrying of the North has been exaggerated?

Are you offended by the question? Does the question trouble you? Coco thinks it is an excellent question, if it were not for some linguistic bungles, to provoke in the student the best use of his critical skills to present the arguments for and against the proposition that there has been exaggeration, to produce an analysis and critique of the arguments from both sides and to hone his skills of debate and argument.

Coco recalls one of his English teachers once explaining to the class how important it was in a debate to understand the other side. He went so far as to say that if you cannot accurately and faithfully represent the position with which you disagree, then you cannot argue against it. He meant of course you cannot successfully argue against it.

Now concerning the linguistic bungles, whilst they may give the less diligent student cause for celebration, it is obvious that they are bungles and the diligent student will not rely upon finding a loophole in the question in order to avoid the trouble of answering it in the proper manner.

So firstly, the question is badly phrased as it is a question that does not beg a reasoned argument but merely an expression of opinion ‘What do you believe?‘, but in the context of the use of the weighing scales it is very evident that the examiner is expecting a presentation of the arguments for and against the proposition that there has been exaggeration and to produce an analysis and critique of the arguments from both sides, but he did not ask for it.

‘I believe that there has been exaggeration to the extent of deliberate outright lies.’ is as valid an answer as ‘I believe that there has been no exaggeration in any of the reports’, for both are correct. They tell us what the student believes, but neither answer is that for which the examiner is looking.

Secondly, the question asks: Has the treatment of the natives been exaggerated? Surely it should be asking about the reporting of the treatment. The treatment itself does not have a quality which can be qualified by exaggerate, but the reporting of the treatment does. Of course the treatment does have the qualities of goodness and badness, which brings me to the third objection.

Thirdly, the original question is ambiguous. Is the reference to treatment here a reference to the good things that were done for the native Americans (David Brainerd, albeit in a much earlier day than under consideration here, did much good among the natives of New England), or to the bad things? The question does not ask about the mistreatment of the natives.

It seems to me that the ambiguity of the question is deliberate, so that the student is left unsure which side of the arguments may have been exaggerated, if any. In this context although the ambiguity is a weakness in the question, it will make the answers more interesting and provide greater scope and freedom for the student when preparing his answer.

So then to correct his question further Coco needs to ask:

To what extent has the reporting of the treatment of the British people by the Norman French after the invasion of 1066 in particular during the period known as the harrying of the North been exaggerated? In your answer you should provide a critique of the available reports, and a reasoned argument leading to and supporting your conclusions.

The words after the question should strictly be taken as read by our hypothetical student, but they are included here for the avoidance of doubt.

Coco considers this to be a good and valid question, a legitimate question, which should provide significant opportunity for an A-level student to demonstrate his analytical, debating and logical skills to the examiner regardless of whether either the student and the examiner actually agree with the conclusion drawn in the answer.

So then, why is the question, in a given context:

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the native Americans has been exaggerated?

not an acceptable question to ask?

As Coco has set out above, there are linguistic problems with the question, but these do not detract from the usefulness of the question for the instruction of students, as the meaning of the question and the kind of answer that the student is expected to give can be clearly seen from the context in which the question is asked. Apparently there were some who did find reason to complain. It seems to Coco that the complaint was ill-founded and unnecessary. Whilst the wording of the question may leave a little to be desired, the question itself is quite valid.

Finally, the question will be asked of course, and if it is not answered and debated in a public forum, then it will go underground and be answered without any peer review, and probably be answered badly.

And post-ultimately, Coco mentioned David Brainerd. He worked tirelessly among the native Americans to show them their worth, to show them that they had inestimable worth in the sight of the one true God who gave his Son for them as a propitiation for their sins, and not for theirs only but for the whole world. In his short life he saw many come to faith, abandoning the false gods and idols which had previously enslaved them and finding freedom in Jesus Christ.

☺





With apologies in advance for errors of syntax, orthography and grammar which may be found embedded in this document whether arising from oversight, incorrect application of language packs or generally any other misadventure; and in general for any offence given inadvertently or inappropriately or both taken or not taken by those whose sensibilities, whether grammatical, orthographical, moral or simply personable, have been offended whether, not or if you have not incorrectly misunderstood the content, intent, meaning and purpose of this article, and to those whose copyrights may have been inadvertently or wantonly infringed, but never as to cause damage the copy holder’s rights, and, if you have managed to read this far, for any errors or omissions whether wilful, unintended, innocent or deliberate in the content of this polemic, and with thanks to you who have made it thus far for your patience.

Rapid Alter[c]ation

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Change comes quickly and unexpectedly

The remarkable speed with which the recent changes have taken place in Afghanistan reminded me of words spoken 2500 years ago in Israel:

For indeed I am raising up a bitter and hasty nation which marches through the breadth of the earth, to possess dwelling places that are not theirs. They are terrible and dreadful; their judgment and their dignity proceed from themselves. Their horses also are swifter than leopards, and more fierce than evening wolves. Their chargers charge ahead; their cavalry comes from afar; they fly as the eagle that hastens to eat. They all come for violence; their faces are set like the east wind. They gather captives like sand. They scoff at kings, and princes are scorned by them. They deride every stronghold, for they heap up earthen mounds and seize it. Then his mind changes, and he transgresses; he commits offence, ascribing this power to his god.

The description of the warfare may be different, but the swiftness with which the forces moved is described for us quite vividly. It is also to be noted that the same attribution for their success is made.

The prophet was speaking about the shortly to follow invasion of Isreal by the Chaldeans, whom perhaps I should mention came from an area, at least in geographic Asian terms, not far removed from Afghanistan, though in historic and cultural terms quite distant.

It is a fascinating prophecy. The prophet goes on to say about the victors: They (the victors) take up all of them with a hook, they catch them in their net, and gather them in their dragnet. Therefore they rejoice and are glad. Therefore they sacrifice to their net, and burn incense to their dragnet; because by them their share is sumptuous and their food plentiful.

Of course the victors rejoice and are glad. Their victims see the matter quite differently however.

But there is much more going on than the prophet can see. And in our days too there is much more going on than we can see. I shall come back to this. Did you notice the opening words? I am raising up. This was preceded by: Look among the nations and watch – Be utterly astounded! For I will work a work in your days which you would not believe, though it were told you.

The Chaldeans thought that they were in control. But no, it was God, the Lord who had raised them up, and it would be an astonishing work. Indeed it was as history records for us. The Chaldeans came across the land as if they were locusts devouring everything. But look at what the prophet said about them: O Lord, you have appointed them for judgment; O Rock, you have marked them for correction. You are of purer eyes than to behold evil, and cannot look on wickedness. Woe to him who builds a town with bloodshed, who establishes a city by iniquity! You are filled with shame instead of glory. You also (they had made others drink their wrath) – drink and be exposed as uncircumcised! The cup of the Lord’s right hand will be turned against you, and utter shame will be on your glory.

When the Lord stood before Pilate, having been asked whether he was a king, replied: My kingdom is not of this world. Those whose kingdom is of this world fight for it. They go to war. They attribute their success to their god, but their gods are false gods. They fall under the judgement of the God who made the heavens and the earth.

The King of kings does not command his people to fight in this way against flesh and blood, but rather commands all men to repent and believe the Gospel and in this way, through the blood of Jesus Christ, to enter the kingdom which is not of this world, for he intends that the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the Lord, as the waters cover the sea.

In the meantime there will be wars and rumours of wars, for the end has not yet come. But one day it will come, and the kingdom which is being built, as it were invisibly, by the Lord Jesus Christ shall be revealed and his glory shall fill the earth.

Diversity increases?

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There was a school class which comprised only fifteen boys – it was a privileged area and the boys, unable to cope with competition from hard working girls, had been segregated – one of whom had black skin and two had brown, the rest all had white, perhaps you could say albino, but that may be misunderstood. The class was therefore racially diverse.

During the year a Chinese boy joined the class and so it became more racially diverse than it was. It then represented four different races. Seven more boys joined the class later but the racial diversity did not change: some of the new comers had black skin and some brown. The class still only represented four different races. Taking a very simplistic view of the world and the number of races that there are Coco supposes that only if a Red Indian had joined the class would the racial diversity have increased from a representation of four races to a representation of five.

So how does they conclude that racial diversity has increased in the USA?
‘US census data charts increasingly diverse America ‘Population shifts revealed by the 2020 census herald changes to come in US politics as the country becomes more diverse.’’ Coco knows that they do not say racial diversity here, but in the context of the article you try to fit into it a different adjective which does not imply a connection with race. Let Coco know by the comments box if you succeed.

It is clear from the article that there has simply been a change in the relative proportions of the different races, so that the proportion of ethnic minorities (Coco does not like that description but uses it here because you understand it) increased relative to the majority ethnic group. So this is not racial diversity that is at work but a dilution of the white majority.

Is that not what happened in the school class? There was a dilution of the representation of white skinned boys from 12/15 to 12/23. This was quite a significant change, but it did nothing to change the racial diversity. Nor indeed, Coco might add, did it happen to do anything to reduce the representation of the majority ethnic group, as the school, which is postulated and was not previously revealed, is situated in a majority Chinese enclave in a different oriental country whose ethnic identity is not Chinese. Coco struggles to work out which is the majority ethnic group in such a location.

So, commentators when they need to describe a spade they should not call for a shovel. Coco considers that they make more of the material at hand than they should.

By the way, and it is probably not the BBC’s fault that, though it is not so easy to read, the aggregate of the proportions of the different groups identified on the chart appears to exceed the maximum possible proportion of the whole.

US census: Hispanic and Asian-American driving US population growth

There is some recognition of this in the last words referenced by the BeeB: ‘We’re in an age where there’s a lot more suspicion about all sorts of stuff, and data is one(sic.) of them.

When the Athenians heard the truth they were told: ‘The God who made the world and everything in it .. made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling places.’ There is only one race (unless by race we mean a synonym of breed as used for cats and dogs) which is the one Paul goes on to describe which is ‘that they should seek God and perhaps find their way towards him and find him’. God has himself provided the way to run this race now commanding ‘all men to repent because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man [Jesus Christ] whom he has appointed.’

His coming has heralded a far greater change than that posited by the article, which we shall see when he comes again to judge the world. Are we ready for that day?

Of the burning of books there is no end

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It is not a new phenomena

Did you see it? Yet again a modern man extracts words from an ancient poet and is vilified: better be careful then when we quote Shakespeare, who did not mince his words but it must be said was careful in his allusions, or even our more recent Gilbert of G&S fame, who was certainly more colourful in his language than we would be permitted to be. We must not of course forget the villainous John Green who in the middle of civil conflict was unable to quench his patriotic fervour when he wrote his Babylonian work.

But such things are not new. The first burning of books, of which Coco is aware, please let me know of any earlier, took place around the time of the events related in Green’s opera. Nabucco had invaded Judah, as foretold by Isaiah, and left Jehoiakim as a vassal king in Jerusalem, and probably at this time had taken away Daniel when returning to Babylon as emperor. Jeremiah had spoken many true words to the king, but the king hated him, but there were still some in the city who afforded protection to Jeremiah. Jeremiah had his secretary Baruch to write down his words on a scroll. Some months later in 604 BC the opportunity arose to read the words in the temple to the people and some of the leaders, who decided that these words must be heard by the king. They were afraid of what Nebuchadnezzar would do, he having returned to receive tribute from his vassals. King Jehoiakim not being impressed, ordered in vain that Jeremiah and his scribe be abducted, but they were already well hidden. He did however allow the scroll to be read to him, and as it was read he displayed his contempt of it by cutting off the scroll each section after it had been read to throw it into his fire pot.

We are aware of the trade routes across Asia, which existed at this time. The words which Jeremiah had spoken were taken by Nebuchadnezzar’s captives to Babylon. His empire stretched afar to the east and his successors were influenced by the Jews who lived in the empire, some attaining exceedingly high rank in its government. It is not unreasonable to consider that something of these things would be taken outside the empire. However perhaps the book burning that we find in China by the king Qin Shi Huang is altogether uninfluenced by the history of another king in Jerusalem some four hundred years earlier.

We must not forget however that the burning of books has taken place in our own land and much more recently. Just as Jehoiakim showed contempt for the word of God spoken by Jeremiah, the bishop of London did also in 1526 AD. There was a fear of the word of God. Reading it would expose the cracks in the religion of the day, actually I would like to suggest that it would expose the shroud over the true religion which had been hidden under precept upon precept of man in a rather similar way that the true faith of Abraham and the prophets had been hidden by the rabbis and teachers of the law in Jesus’s day. William Tyndale had completed his translation of the New Testament into contemporary English and it had been published on the continent. When the books became available in England the Bishop bought up the books to burn. They were dangerous books. If the people read them they would see the errors that were being taught in the church, and understand what true religion is all about. This would upset the status quo and the authority of the leaders. Coco reckons it was the similar for Qin Shi Huang though for somewhat different reasons. Coco would like to suggest that this book burning continues today, but some would say that Coco is then being uncharitable to do so, perhaps as we do not see the literal burning of the Book, but the ignoring of its teaching is the first step towards the book burning pit.

The burning of the books did however have a number of good effects. It brought attention to the availability of the translation and secondly the price paid could finance a new edition to remove the errors of the first. The burning of the scroll by Jehoiakim also had similar benefits. Jeremiah and his scribe wrote the content out again on a new scroll with many similar words added to it. So we are able to read today the words that Jehoiakim burned.

Returning to the poem written by Zhang Jie briefly,
焚書坑
竹帛煙銷帝業虛，關河空鎖祖龍居。
坑灰未冷山東亂，劉項原來不讀書。
Coco was unimpressed by the translation offered, though it seemed literal enough, and Google did no better, which was somewhat shocking as Coco would have thought that such a famous text would have translation already stored: ah, well. So here is another, based purely upon a single commentary on the words:

 It was books in the burning  That destroyed the Qin. 
 In vain flood and pass were guarding  As the Dragon fell in. 
 Before the ash cold had turned  Shandong’s riot burned. 
 To illiterate peasants now  The people all must bow. 

Coco is sure fault may be found with it, and you can do better, but it serves its purpose. There are many today who would suppress free thought, as there were in the past. Rome sought to suppress the truth. A simple ‘Caesar is lord’ would save many a life, but many died. The Lord taught us that his kingdom is like yeast in bread, it will as it is mixed in fill every part, and just so his kingdom will fill every part of this world. Rome fell in. Other empires will fall in under the sway of the King of kings.

Jehoiakim tried to destroy the word of God; The bishop of London tried to do so; Men still do so today; The grass withers, the flowers fades away but the word of our God stands forever. (Isaiah 40:8)

The Book Burning Pit
By Zhang Jie, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty (618–907AD)

Dowlais – steel works

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When steel matters

The events that are shortly to be related took place in a different age and a different culture, in an altogether foreign location in the broadest sense which was unknown to the people of that time, but is now known to us as a consequence of the work of Einstein in the early part of the twentieth century. It was the time of railroads, steam trains, iron mills, steelworks, coal-mines and dirty work, when undertaker meant more than the entrepreneur and entrepreneur was an unknown word. The prosperity of a municipality could be measured, at least in part by the number of railway stations that it boasted, but better by the quality of the steel produced there and it was from one of these small towns towards the upper end of one of the rolling Welsh valleys that a principle undertaker in the steel industry received a telegram from a bridge and engineering fabricator in North Africa who wished to discuss the procurement of a quantity of steel for the provision of the building of a new bridge across the Niger.

Enys Jones was an atypical undertaker, who upon receipt of the telegram passed it to her chief supply officer Emyr Carwyn Lloyd for his examination. Following certain enquiries he reported back to his superior, who authorised him to visit the prospective customer to ascertain the needs of the project, the suitability of an agreement to supply and the terms of any such agreement. A telegram was returned to the enquirer, who responded with an offer to meet the costs of the journey subject to an upper limit, which was found to be most agreeable to Emyr Lloyd. It was never openly said, but both thought that Emyr was not an inappropriate name for the visitor and may well lend a certain status to the supply officer which he would otherwise not have had.

Emyr Carwen Lloyd set about his travel plans with the meticulous precision that he afforded to his daily work and which, he had no doubt, had earned the company for which he worked its enviable reputation, prompting the enquiry which he was then about to pursue. He would travel by train and sail for which he believed a combined first class return ticket would be available.

Sadly, his carefully crafted plans began to fall apart as he arrived at Dowlais Central to buy the ticket for his journey.

‘Timbuctoo, sir, where, if I may enquire, is that? It’s not on my list. I can offer you Cardiff, but that’s as far as we go.’ He bought a ticket to Cardiff.

Cardiff Central is a few minutes’ walk from his first destination. As he walked, he mused on the way that at least here it would be possible to buy his ticket, but the response was not dissimilar:

‘Timbuctoo, sir, where is that? It’s not on my list. I can give you Timahoe, Timoleague, Touraneena, Tuar Mhic Éadaigh,.. ‘ He would have gone on, but Emyr interrupted him: ‘Timbuctoo is not in Ireland, it is in North Africa’. He bought a ticket for London. The ticket officer advised him that he had a ticket to the Victoria station. As his train would be going into the Waterloo, it would be to his advantage if he alighted at the Vauxhall station to change to a local train into the Victoria, otherwise he would require a hansome cab to take him from the Waterloo to the Victoria. If he alerted the guard on the train he would be given whatever assistance may be required to make the transfer. On the journey he learned from a fellow passenger that although the train managers preferred the transfers to take place at Vauxhall, most passengers found it more convenient, though slightly longer to alight at the Clapham junction station and continue the journey into the Victoria station from there.

Upon his arrival in Victoria he decided to wait until the morning to continue the journey and found lodgings in a hotel nearby to the station.

In the morning his hopes were high; here he was in the middle of the capital city of the Empire, surely here it would be possible to buy a ticket for the remainder of his journey. His hopes were dashed as he asked for his ticket.

‘Timbuctoo, sir? Do you mean Timbuctoo in French North Africa?’

‘Yes, is there another?’ he replied rather glad that the ticket officer at the least knew of Timbuctoo

‘I only wanted to be sure, sir, that that was your intended destination. I would not want to sell you an invalid ticket for your journey. Some people do ask for the strangest of tickets. Only last week someone wanted a ticket to Riyadh. It turned out in the end he wanted to go to Rhaeadr, but couldn’t get his tongue round it. All seemed to be going well, until he was presented with his ticket.’

‘Is that all?’ he enquired.

‘Yes, sir. We have a train leaving for Paris in three hours. It will arrive tomorrow afternoon. You must continue your journey from there. ‘

There was nothing for it. He took the train to Paris, where he thought it would become possible to obtain a pass for the rest of his journey, after all Timbuctoo was in French North Africa.

The station at Paris Nord was a cacophony of the most unpleasant sounds, and aromas. His French was poor, but he understood enough to receive the message: ‘A ticket to where? It is possible that we sell you tickets to Dunquerque, Calais, Aix-la-Chappelle, Essen, Hamburg, Copenhagan, Stockholm, Oslo, Berlin, Prague even Moscow, but Timbuctoo, it is impossible. You must go to the correct ticket office to buy such a ticket. ‘

‘And where is the correct ticket office?’, he asked, but no one was able to tell him. They neither knew nor did they care. It was not their business.

He retired to a rather shabby, though for Paris Nord it was probably considered to be rather smart, hotel, to consider his next move. Whilst speaking with one of the other guests he learned that he would never be able to buy a ticket to Timbuctoo in Paris, the primary reason being that whilst he was not English, he would still be treated as if he were Rosbif. The guest however also happened to know that the train for Rome would leave at noon the following day. From Rome he would be able to travel to Naples and Palermo, and sail to Tunis, thereafter travel to Timbuctoo would be quite straightforward though not as comfortable as he would find the journey to and through Italy. Emyr was greatly encouraged, and even more so when he learned that the hotel had a railway ticket office which specialised in tickets to Italy where he was able to buy the three tickets he required to travel to Palermo there and then.

The journey through Italy, though it took five days, was as comfortable and pleasant as he had been led to understand, if not more so. It also considerably lightened his luggage as he was able to return several books by post as he passed through Naples. On his arrival in Palermo he met again the guest from the hotel in Paris, whom he chided for not telling that they would be on the same train. The gentleman excused himself that as he could not afford the first class travel they would not have been permitted to associate with each other on the journey. It was better for Emyr to travel alone than to suffer the rigours of the third class, they could however share in the journey to Tunis as the sailing vessel made no such class distinction. They travelled together to the port and embarked later that day across the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Herr Professor Doktor Ärhard Feinbaum proved to be the excellent company on the crossing. He was an archaeologist who was working in Carthage. He was also knowledgeable of Timbuctoo and provided Emyr with much insight and understanding of what to expect when he arrived, and also how to show interest in the exotic features of the locality.

Ärhard assisted Emyr in the acquisition of transport to Timbuctoo. It would be an arduous journey of three months. Emyr regretted posting some books back from Naples. He could have read them again. Ärhard however knew the drivers well, and persuaded them, by only referring to his guest as Emyr, that he should be well cared for and provided with his own private apartment on the journey. Ärhard would also ensure that a telegram was sent back to Wales to advise on Emyr’s progress as soon as it became possible to make a visit to the French government offices of the city.

Emyr acquired a journal before they left Tunis. If he could not read he would write he thought to himself. The heat, the sand and winds of the desert seemed to be perpetual. They would leave at dawn, travel for four or five hours then rest until late afternoon, when they travelled again until it was no longer possible to see. Emyr never saw any tents being dismantled or restored, but whenever they arrived at camp the tents were there ready for them, and his writing desk carefully set out. On a few days no travel was possible consequent upon the desert storms which afflicted the region from time to time. At length the caravan arrived at the outskirts of Timbuctoo, where the Berber who had led the train arranged accommodation for the now highly honoured Emyr. His writing had been worthwhile.

It was from this accommodation that Emyr sent a telegram back to his office and arranged his first visit to the enquirer.

Upon his arrival at the offices of the bridge and steel fabricant Emyr was quite taken aback to be greeted in Welsh, albeit it was Welsh with a strong Italian accent:

‚Diwrnod da, Emyr Carwen. Sut mae’n mynd gyda chi? Sut mae’ch taith wedi mynd â chi?’

‘Good day, Emyr Carwen. How goes it with you? How has your journey taken you?’ The translation from Banbara to Welsh was quite literal but Emyr understood them to ask: How are you? How was your journey?

At first he thought that they had simply learned these questions by rote to be polite, but when he proceeded to be polite himself and answered in Welsh his astonishment increased greatly in magnitude. Not only did they fully comprehend his reply, they asked for clarification in his use of hiraeth and whether it would be appropriate to use it in the context of sailor on the high seas who would in due course return home. They explained that, having no fleet themselves, they had no experience nor had any of their people of such things and so had difficulty understanding the use of the concept, as their mother tongue lacked the vocabulary for such ventures. They also asked for his assistance in enhancing their enunciation of his family name Lloyd, as, although other local languages had similar voiceless alveolar lateral fricative sounds they had not quite been able to master the Welsh sound. It was at this part of the discussion that Emyr Carwen Lloyd started to hear words that he did not even know existed in the Welsh language.

His relief was palpable when he discovered that the commercial discussions would be held in English, but the contract would be drawn up in Welsh. It appeared to him that they had already decided they would buy the steel from him, and that it was really only the quantity and quality, which would be determined by the purpose to which it was to be put, that remained to be determined. The price it appeared was not open for negotiation. The engineers had already done their work, and knew what they would be expected to pay for the various qualities that would be required. The only concern appeared to be the shipping costs, insurance of the cargo and timing. The steel, they thought, could be sent by boat from Cardiff down the west coast of Africa and then up the Niger. At some point it would have to be offloaded onto barges for the final stages of the journey, but it would eventually arrive at the port some six miles south of the city, close to the final destination where it was to be used. Timing was important as the Niger was only navigable in the vicinity of Timbuctoo for two months of the year. It would not be possible to move the eight to ten thousand tonnes of steel and iron required in the dry season, though it would be in the dry season that construction work would be undertaken.

Emyr and the engineers poured over the designs and calculations for several days, each checking the other’s figures and calculations in meticulous details. Emyr was not simply interested in the sale of the steel, but that the project itself would work. He would not sell steel for a project that would fail for other reasons, as the failure itself may be used to impugn the quality of the steel provided and reflect badly upon the Enys Jones Steel Works (Dowlais). So every detail was assessed and eventually the calculations and quantities agreed down to the number of nuts and bolts that would be provided. It was also agreed that no part of the project would be provisioned by steel from any other supplier upon pain of forfeiture of a bond that would be held by the German consulate in Tunis, there being no British presence and the French could not be trusted by either party.

The contract being concluded, it was time for Emyr to depart. Ärhard not being present he would have to arrange the journey back himself. So he went to the local travel office as suggested by his host. Anticipating that he would have to travel in stages he asked about travel back to Tunis. That would not be a problem he was told, there was a train leaving in a few days. Accommodation in it could be arranged, in the meantime arrangements could be made for him to spend time to view the city. The presence of ‘the Welsh Emyr’ had become well-known in the city and he was by then something of a celebrity. Then there was a question:

‘What is the end of your journey?’

They were not unfamiliar words to Emyr who had often sung them in the chapel at home.

‘Why I am going back home to Dowlais’ he said with a note of surprise in his voice.

‘So you would require a ticket to Dowlais then, sir.’ came the reply, ‘Would that be Dowlais Central, Dowlais Top or Dowlais Caeharris?’

Courtesy of PLC, this version PC 2021

Existential statements

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Coco thought he would keep it simple in this post and just make a big existential statement, but what in reality Coco was thinking was to discover just how many characters had to be written before the ‘see more’ message appears, and to provide a short introduction to his new art work, which has not yet been refused by the Tate and goes by the same name. This is not enough, as you can see, or rather cannot see, yet. The words ‘see more’ have not yet appeared.

So let us try again:

Coco thought that this evening he would just make a big existential statement:

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The new normal

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Let us eat….

It has been overshadowed in the last few days by the passing of a great man. The Duke is rightly to be remembered and his life celebrated for all the good he has done and in the idiosyncrasies that he displayed. His death reminds us that life does not remain the same; time moves on; until now in recent days, and I suppose that it shall return, there had been much talk in these parts about what the new normal will look like. I don’t know what you hear elsewhere, but what we hear doesn’t sound to me very much unlike the old.

Holidays in the sun is good for vitamin D deficient sun lovers unless they also have a melanin deficiency in which case extra strong skin cream is required. Racing to return to the gym, which provides bodily exercise for those who do not have to labour hard in the acre of land that the government allows them on which to grow maize and other crops. Eating out and visits to the cinema, theatre, opera, shows, concerts, dance halls, gigs (is that orthographically correct, or should it be gigues?) and the like are, well, without the need for justification of any sort, a necessary part of the new normal. Let us eat drink and be merry¹, seems to be the message.

Are we any different? There has been much celebrated over the past year of dedication, selfless giving, service, but little (but not nothing) has been said about the cleaner who was no longer needed because her employer now WFH had recovered two hours a day not being required to travel, or the employer who simply told his staff not to bother to return the next day, they would not be paid. The poor still had mouths to feed and bills to pay.

Do not think I am about to suggest that wealth is bad, Abraham² did not berate the rich man for enjoying the things that he enjoyed in this life but for failing to believe in the Son of Man. He was not asked to give half his wealth to Lazarus who sat at his gate, but rather to remember justice, righteousness and compassion. It was this that he forgot.

In the new normal, will we simply revert to type, and behave as we always have done? Noah³ left a world that was filled with violence to sail into a new world. What sort of violence? Physical, economic, emotional, therapeutic? Did Noah hope for better in the new world into which through the flood he had sailed? But his own behaviour and that of his sons soon showed that the world that they had left behind had come with them. The new world was no better. We today seek to deal with violence, but the very need to do so simply exposes our shame that it continues to exist.

The last year is no cure for our condition; it has shown many good things about the image of God in which we are made, but it has also exposed that our condition is unchanged.

There is but one cure, the man, who himself suffered violence at the hands of his own people, is our cure. Jesus now sits at the right hand of God⁴ and will come again to take his people to a world which really shall be new and different than this one, where there shall be no violence, no hurt, no harm. That will be the new normal; it will be an extraordinary, previously unimagined normal⁵, but it is the only new normal for which it is worth waiting.

Mene, mene, tekel upharsin⁶.

¹ Ecclesiastes 8:15, Isaiah 22:13, Luke12:19, 1 Corinthians 15:32
³ Luke 16:19-31
³ Genesis 9
⁴ Mark 16:19, Luke 22:69, Acts 2:33, 5:31, Colossians 3:1, Hebrews 10:12, 12:2, 1 Peter 3:22
⁵ 1 Corinthians 2:9,
⁶ Daniel 5:25

Unseated

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At great risk of being misunderstood, it is very clear that the age of chivalry is over. The most senior of the other two should have given up his seat for the lady. Perhaps the difficulty they had was that the first one to have stood would have been claiming precedence over the other 😉

Ahem! No seat for von der Leyen
The European Commission president had to sit on a nearby sofa as the EU visited Turkey.

Triptych

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The uncovering of an ancient gold mask in China has caused a few ripples on Weibo, so Coco thought he would join in the activity. However as he does not have a Weibo account, and probably would no longer have one after this post anyway so it makes little difference, the post had to be made elsewhere, and out of respect for anyone who may read this and wishes to retain their own Weibo account, placed his images else where.

For the triptych ‘Behind every smiling face’ please visit Acklam Hall and follow the link to the Chinese mask. You may also follow the other links (not all appear as such), but beware lest you see what you should not see.

Weibo/Sanxingdui Museum