Humour

Willkommen!

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Willkommen bei Cocos blog!

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COP26

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Call Coco picky if you will but the COP26 globe which has been chosen by many to illustrate the opening of the summit looks as if someone has tried to wrap Mercator’s projection of the globe back onto a globe. This is truly flat earth thinking, however not quite so bad as the hexagonal football of British road sign infamy. Coming back to the COP26 globe, Coco does wonder how the young man at the front managed to get his head in front of the globe which is being held by a hand in front of him, and what is on the other side of the globe. Is the Pacific really that big?

More astonishingly even, the image came from Getty images. What else might one find there, a picture of Celenites perhaps?

Offended?

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Why academia is offensive – when difficult questions offend

The BBC article here set Coco wondering. First of all why the inhabitants of Britain have never had an apology from the Danes for the way they treated them a mere 1500 years or so ago when they repeatedly invaded those islands and badly treated the natives. Or perhaps it might be better to ask the French, though perhaps they would claim that the invaders were not in fact French, for an apology for the harrying of the North after the Norman conquest, which is very much closer to the present time than the Danish incursions. But an apology cannot expected for both, as it was the united English and Danes who suffered under the Norman [mis]treatment. So, rather than expect an apology Coco turned his head to a question instead, which is intended to provoke an active, careful, critical discussion of both sides of the argument.

Here there is an invading people who wish to inhabit peacefully the land which they have ‘inherited’, though there was some doubt at the time concerning the claim to the inheritance, and the people were unwilling to co-operate in their subjugation. The question is first of all a setting out of facts, presenting some interesting descriptions of the events and some opposing opinions on the matter and asking the student to weigh up the strengths and weaknesses of the arguments and the opportunities and threats that faced the opposing parties.

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the native British has been exaggerated?

Now, in the context of the question it may be clear what is meant, but the context is a little lacking here so let Coco state the question again, this time in full:

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the British people by the Norman French after the invasion of 1066 in particular during the period known as the harrying of the North has been exaggerated?

Are you offended by the question? Does the question trouble you? Coco thinks it is an excellent question, if it were not for some linguistic bungles, to provoke in the student the best use of his critical skills to present the arguments for and against the proposition that there has been exaggeration, to produce an analysis and critique of the arguments from both sides and to hone his skills of debate and argument.

Coco recalls one of his English teachers once explaining to the class how important it was in a debate to understand the other side. He went so far as to say that if you cannot accurately and faithfully represent the position with which you disagree, then you cannot argue against it. He meant of course you cannot successfully argue against it.

Now concerning the linguistic bungles, whilst they may give the less diligent student cause for celebration, it is obvious that they are bungles and the diligent student will not rely upon finding a loophole in the question in order to avoid the trouble of answering it in the proper manner.

So firstly, the question is badly phrased as it is a question that does not beg a reasoned argument but merely an expression of opinion ‘What do you believe?‘, but in the context of the use of the weighing scales it is very evident that the examiner is expecting a presentation of the arguments for and against the proposition that there has been exaggeration and to produce an analysis and critique of the arguments from both sides, but he did not ask for it.

‘I believe that there has been exaggeration to the extent of deliberate outright lies.’ is as valid an answer as ‘I believe that there has been no exaggeration in any of the reports’, for both are correct. They tell us what the student believes, but neither answer is that for which the examiner is looking.

Secondly, the question asks: Has the treatment of the natives been exaggerated? Surely it should be asking about the reporting of the treatment. The treatment itself does not have a quality which can be qualified by exaggerate, but the reporting of the treatment does. Of course the treatment does have the qualities of goodness and badness, which brings me to the third objection.

Thirdly, the original question is ambiguous. Is the reference to treatment here a reference to the good things that were done for the native Americans (David Brainerd, albeit in a much earlier day than under consideration here, did much good among the natives of New England), or to the bad things? The question does not ask about the mistreatment of the natives.

It seems to me that the ambiguity of the question is deliberate, so that the student is left unsure which side of the arguments may have been exaggerated, if any. In this context although the ambiguity is a weakness in the question, it will make the answers more interesting and provide greater scope and freedom for the student when preparing his answer.

So then to correct his question further Coco needs to ask:

To what extent has the reporting of the treatment of the British people by the Norman French after the invasion of 1066 in particular during the period known as the harrying of the North been exaggerated? In your answer you should provide a critique of the available reports, and a reasoned argument leading to and supporting your conclusions.

The words after the question should strictly be taken as read by our hypothetical student, but they are included here for the avoidance of doubt.

Coco considers this to be a good and valid question, a legitimate question, which should provide significant opportunity for an A-level student to demonstrate his analytical, debating and logical skills to the examiner regardless of whether either the student and the examiner actually agree with the conclusion drawn in the answer.

So then, why is the question, in a given context:

To what extent do you believe that the treatment of the native Americans has been exaggerated?

not an acceptable question to ask?

As Coco has set out above, there are linguistic problems with the question, but these do not detract from the usefulness of the question for the instruction of students, as the meaning of the question and the kind of answer that the student is expected to give can be clearly seen from the context in which the question is asked. Apparently there were some who did find reason to complain. It seems to Coco that the complaint was ill-founded and unnecessary. Whilst the wording of the question may leave a little to be desired, the question itself is quite valid.

Finally, the question will be asked of course, and if it is not answered and debated in a public forum, then it will go underground and be answered without any peer review, and probably be answered badly.

And post-ultimately, Coco mentioned David Brainerd. He worked tirelessly among the native Americans to show them their worth, to show them that they had inestimable worth in the sight of the one true God who gave his Son for them as a propitiation for their sins, and not for theirs only but for the whole world. In his short life he saw many come to faith, abandoning the false gods and idols which had previously enslaved them and finding freedom in Jesus Christ.

☺





With apologies in advance for errors of syntax, orthography and grammar which may be found embedded in this document whether arising from oversight, incorrect application of language packs or generally any other misadventure; and in general for any offence given inadvertently or inappropriately or both taken or not taken by those whose sensibilities, whether grammatical, orthographical, moral or simply personable, have been offended whether, not or if you have not incorrectly misunderstood the content, intent, meaning and purpose of this article, and to those whose copyrights may have been inadvertently or wantonly infringed, but never as to cause damage the copy holder’s rights, and, if you have managed to read this far, for any errors or omissions whether wilful, unintended, innocent or deliberate in the content of this polemic, and with thanks to you who have made it thus far for your patience.

Stereo typing

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In the eyes of the ARC and others It is impossible to get it right. If you choose the image of a white man you can be accused of racial bias, if you choose the image of a black man you can be accused of racial bias. If you choose the image of an oriental you can be accused of bias even if the image is of the person you are actually representing. What are we to choose when we want to depict a man doing something? Coco was going to suggest that we use a monkey instead, but then, if the experience of Hartlepool is anything to go by, we shall only end up annoying the French even more than they are already. I suppose someone will consider that to be racist too. Hey-ho, Boney was a warrye, way, aye, yah. A warrye and terrye, John France, wah!

But at the end of the day who got the best job?


With thanks to Wikipedia (and the East India Company 1832).


Was the artist our friend James Gilray – but it lacks colour?

Original article at this cleverly disguised URN [] sorry for black drug dealer image in appeal leaflet: They said it accepted it used a poor choice of image in the leaflet.

One wonders what choice of image would have been acceptable.

Diversity increases?

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There was a school class which comprised only fifteen boys – it was a privileged area and the boys, unable to cope with competition from hard working girls, had been segregated – one of whom had black skin and two had brown, the rest all had white, perhaps you could say albino, but that may be misunderstood. The class was therefore racially diverse.

During the year a Chinese boy joined the class and so it became more racially diverse than it was. It then represented four different races. Seven more boys joined the class later but the racial diversity did not change: some of the new comers had black skin and some brown. The class still only represented four different races. Taking a very simplistic view of the world and the number of races that there are Coco supposes that only if a Red Indian had joined the class would the racial diversity have increased from a representation of four races to a representation of five.

So how does they conclude that racial diversity has increased in the USA?
‘US census data charts increasingly diverse America ‘Population shifts revealed by the 2020 census herald changes to come in US politics as the country becomes more diverse.’’ Coco knows that they do not say racial diversity here, but in the context of the article you try to fit into it a different adjective which does not imply a connection with race. Let Coco know by the comments box if you succeed.

It is clear from the article that there has simply been a change in the relative proportions of the different races, so that the proportion of ethnic minorities (Coco does not like that description but uses it here because you understand it) increased relative to the majority ethnic group. So this is not racial diversity that is at work but a dilution of the white majority.

Is that not what happened in the school class? There was a dilution of the representation of white skinned boys from 12/15 to 12/23. This was quite a significant change, but it did nothing to change the racial diversity. Nor indeed, Coco might add, did it happen to do anything to reduce the representation of the majority ethnic group, as the school, which is postulated and was not previously revealed, is situated in a majority Chinese enclave in a different oriental country whose ethnic identity is not Chinese. Coco struggles to work out which is the majority ethnic group in such a location.

So, commentators when they need to describe a spade they should not call for a shovel. Coco considers that they make more of the material at hand than they should.

By the way, and it is probably not the BBC’s fault that, though it is not so easy to read, the aggregate of the proportions of the different groups identified on the chart appears to exceed the maximum possible proportion of the whole.

US census: Hispanic and Asian-American driving US population growth

There is some recognition of this in the last words referenced by the BeeB: ‘We’re in an age where there’s a lot more suspicion about all sorts of stuff, and data is one(sic.) of them.

When the Athenians heard the truth they were told: ‘The God who made the world and everything in it .. made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling places.’ There is only one race (unless by race we mean a synonym of breed as used for cats and dogs) which is the one Paul goes on to describe which is ‘that they should seek God and perhaps find their way towards him and find him’. God has himself provided the way to run this race now commanding ‘all men to repent because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man [Jesus Christ] whom he has appointed.’

His coming has heralded a far greater change than that posited by the article, which we shall see when he comes again to judge the world. Are we ready for that day?

Questions

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that should not be asked

You have noticed that the French do not ask questions

Vous mangiez ici?
Vous alliez au football?

unless you see the sentence written down, or have a good ear for the French inflexion? This is because of a certain authoritarian regime, a republic ruled by an emperor, rather like an earlier Latin republic, from whose language the language of the French was derived, in which the asking of questions was a thing to avoid?

It is considered perhaps that if you are able to instil subservient fear into a rebellious people they will obey you. A certain oriental businessman* spoke about that before his recent detention. It is also clear that if you can be inhibited from asking questions, then the authority, or indeed anyone, need not answer and so cannot ever be accused of telling a lie?

A start must be made to this process of course, and there is no better start than to strike at a question which we must all ask ourselves and each other almost everyday of the month. The date used to be ubiquitous. It was printed on every sheet of newsprint, so half of the litter in our streets would display it to you. It would be seen on calendars hanging in almost every place you visit, and the desk of everyone in the office. Such things have all but disappeared, and now you might have to resort to a visit to the bank, if you can find a nearby branch which is open, or a post office. It is there on your computer screen, often in its default position of the bottom right hand corner of your screen, but, oh, the default view is not to display the date only the time, and the default status is, well quite naturally, the default status. So it is only natural that we should ask the question:

What is the date today?

Perhaps it is only the French who would escape republican ire and justice if they ask the question on the fourth of June. I should also remember that the fourth of July is also a day of disgrace and dishonour but for a different reason, you understand?

There was another day of disgrace and dishonour when the late Latin empire crucified a man for no wrong that he had done, indeed his judge acknowledged as much: I find no wrong in him. But that day was the day when God revealed his glorious grace towards a rebellious people in such a way that he had never done before nor shall ever need to do again. On that day the man upon the cross died for all who questioned his right to rule over them, paying the price himself for their rebellion. God has therefore raised him from the dead and given him the name which is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee shall bow and every tongue confess that he is Lord to the glory of God the Father.

* Xiaohongshu social media account blocked after Tiananmen post
E-commerce app Xiaohongshu’s social media account disappeared after a post on the sensitive date.

Car three

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Coco’s dear old Corsa was so far out of condition.

One of the problems of lockdown is not being able to go out on those long runs that that you need to take to remain healthy and in good trim. She had fallen from grace and was running at an average of only just 34mpg. You may recall how much better she thought she was doing last fall, but see what too much sitting around, drinking too much fuel, and not enough hard work has done. Letting her off the leash however has done wonders. After a good cross-country run she came back with an cumulative average of just over 40mpg. Well done, old girl, a much better performance.

We can all suffer like that. Drinking too much fuel, sitting around, not enough hard work and we become unfit. Study to show yourself approved, the apostle said. Don’t misunderstand the word study, it means examine, test, watch, work hard, be careful. He tells us elsewhere to strengthen the hands that hang down and the feeble knees to walk straight. And the Lord himself tells us that it will not be easy, we must take up a cross if we would follow him. But it is far better than that because he took up his own cross to die in our place. He did not leave us to try to do enough for ourselves, he did everything that was required on our behalf.

So trust in him, and one say it will not just be, as to Coco’s dear old Corsa: Well done, old girl, but you will still end up on the scrap heap, but rather: Well done, good and faithful servant, enter into the joy of your Lord.

Of the burning of books there is no end

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It is not a new phenomena

Did you see it? Yet again a modern man extracts words from an ancient poet and is vilified: better be careful then when we quote Shakespeare, who did not mince his words but it must be said was careful in his allusions, or even our more recent Gilbert of G&S fame, who was certainly more colourful in his language than we would be permitted to be. We must not of course forget the villainous John Green who in the middle of civil conflict was unable to quench his patriotic fervour when he wrote his Babylonian work.

But such things are not new. The first burning of books, of which Coco is aware, please let me know of any earlier, took place around the time of the events related in Green’s opera. Nabucco had invaded Judah, as foretold by Isaiah, and left Jehoiakim as a vassal king in Jerusalem, and probably at this time had taken away Daniel when returning to Babylon as emperor. Jeremiah had spoken many true words to the king, but the king hated him, but there were still some in the city who afforded protection to Jeremiah. Jeremiah had his secretary Baruch to write down his words on a scroll. Some months later in 604 BC the opportunity arose to read the words in the temple to the people and some of the leaders, who decided that these words must be heard by the king. They were afraid of what Nebuchadnezzar would do, he having returned to receive tribute from his vassals. King Jehoiakim not being impressed, ordered in vain that Jeremiah and his scribe be abducted, but they were already well hidden. He did however allow the scroll to be read to him, and as it was read he displayed his contempt of it by cutting off the scroll each section after it had been read to throw it into his fire pot.

We are aware of the trade routes across Asia, which existed at this time. The words which Jeremiah had spoken were taken by Nebuchadnezzar’s captives to Babylon. His empire stretched afar to the east and his successors were influenced by the Jews who lived in the empire, some attaining exceedingly high rank in its government. It is not unreasonable to consider that something of these things would be taken outside the empire. However perhaps the book burning that we find in China by the king Qin Shi Huang is altogether uninfluenced by the history of another king in Jerusalem some four hundred years earlier.

We must not forget however that the burning of books has taken place in our own land and much more recently. Just as Jehoiakim showed contempt for the word of God spoken by Jeremiah, the bishop of London did also in 1526 AD. There was a fear of the word of God. Reading it would expose the cracks in the religion of the day, actually I would like to suggest that it would expose the shroud over the true religion which had been hidden under precept upon precept of man in a rather similar way that the true faith of Abraham and the prophets had been hidden by the rabbis and teachers of the law in Jesus’s day. William Tyndale had completed his translation of the New Testament into contemporary English and it had been published on the continent. When the books became available in England the Bishop bought up the books to burn. They were dangerous books. If the people read them they would see the errors that were being taught in the church, and understand what true religion is all about. This would upset the status quo and the authority of the leaders. Coco reckons it was the similar for Qin Shi Huang though for somewhat different reasons. Coco would like to suggest that this book burning continues today, but some would say that Coco is then being uncharitable to do so, perhaps as we do not see the literal burning of the Book, but the ignoring of its teaching is the first step towards the book burning pit.

The burning of the books did however have a number of good effects. It brought attention to the availability of the translation and secondly the price paid could finance a new edition to remove the errors of the first. The burning of the scroll by Jehoiakim also had similar benefits. Jeremiah and his scribe wrote the content out again on a new scroll with many similar words added to it. So we are able to read today the words that Jehoiakim burned.

Returning to the poem written by Zhang Jie briefly,
焚書坑
竹帛煙銷帝業虛，關河空鎖祖龍居。
坑灰未冷山東亂，劉項原來不讀書。
Coco was unimpressed by the translation offered, though it seemed literal enough, and Google did no better, which was somewhat shocking as Coco would have thought that such a famous text would have translation already stored: ah, well. So here is another, based purely upon a single commentary on the words:

 It was books in the burning  That destroyed the Qin. 
 In vain flood and pass were guarding  As the Dragon fell in. 
 Before the ash cold had turned  Shandong’s riot burned. 
 To illiterate peasants now  The people all must bow. 

Coco is sure fault may be found with it, and you can do better, but it serves its purpose. There are many today who would suppress free thought, as there were in the past. Rome sought to suppress the truth. A simple ‘Caesar is lord’ would save many a life, but many died. The Lord taught us that his kingdom is like yeast in bread, it will as it is mixed in fill every part, and just so his kingdom will fill every part of this world. Rome fell in. Other empires will fall in under the sway of the King of kings.

Jehoiakim tried to destroy the word of God; The bishop of London tried to do so; Men still do so today; The grass withers, the flowers fades away but the word of our God stands forever. (Isaiah 40:8)

The Book Burning Pit
By Zhang Jie, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty (618–907AD)

Dowlais – steel works

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When steel matters

The events that are shortly to be related took place in a different age and a different culture, in an altogether foreign location in the broadest sense which was unknown to the people of that time, but is now known to us as a consequence of the work of Einstein in the early part of the twentieth century. It was the time of railroads, steam trains, iron mills, steelworks, coal-mines and dirty work, when undertaker meant more than the entrepreneur and entrepreneur was an unknown word. The prosperity of a municipality could be measured, at least in part by the number of railway stations that it boasted, but better by the quality of the steel produced there and it was from one of these small towns towards the upper end of one of the rolling Welsh valleys that a principle undertaker in the steel industry received a telegram from a bridge and engineering fabricator in North Africa who wished to discuss the procurement of a quantity of steel for the provision of the building of a new bridge across the Niger.

Enys Jones was an atypical undertaker, who upon receipt of the telegram passed it to her chief supply officer Emyr Carwyn Lloyd for his examination. Following certain enquiries he reported back to his superior, who authorised him to visit the prospective customer to ascertain the needs of the project, the suitability of an agreement to supply and the terms of any such agreement. A telegram was returned to the enquirer, who responded with an offer to meet the costs of the journey subject to an upper limit, which was found to be most agreeable to Emyr Lloyd. It was never openly said, but both thought that Emyr was not an inappropriate name for the visitor and may well lend a certain status to the supply officer which he would otherwise not have had.

Emyr Carwen Lloyd set about his travel plans with the meticulous precision that he afforded to his daily work and which, he had no doubt, had earned the company for which he worked its enviable reputation, prompting the enquiry which he was then about to pursue. He would travel by train and sail for which he believed a combined first class return ticket would be available.

Sadly, his carefully crafted plans began to fall apart as he arrived at Dowlais Central to buy the ticket for his journey.

‘Timbuctoo, sir, where, if I may enquire, is that? It’s not on my list. I can offer you Cardiff, but that’s as far as we go.’ He bought a ticket to Cardiff.

Cardiff Central is a few minutes’ walk from his first destination. As he walked, he mused on the way that at least here it would be possible to buy his ticket, but the response was not dissimilar:

‘Timbuctoo, sir, where is that? It’s not on my list. I can give you Timahoe, Timoleague, Touraneena, Tuar Mhic Éadaigh,.. ‘ He would have gone on, but Emyr interrupted him: ‘Timbuctoo is not in Ireland, it is in North Africa’. He bought a ticket for London. The ticket officer advised him that he had a ticket to the Victoria station. As his train would be going into the Waterloo, it would be to his advantage if he alighted at the Vauxhall station to change to a local train into the Victoria, otherwise he would require a hansome cab to take him from the Waterloo to the Victoria. If he alerted the guard on the train he would be given whatever assistance may be required to make the transfer. On the journey he learned from a fellow passenger that although the train managers preferred the transfers to take place at Vauxhall, most passengers found it more convenient, though slightly longer to alight at the Clapham junction station and continue the journey into the Victoria station from there.

Upon his arrival in Victoria he decided to wait until the morning to continue the journey and found lodgings in a hotel nearby to the station.

In the morning his hopes were high; here he was in the middle of the capital city of the Empire, surely here it would be possible to buy a ticket for the remainder of his journey. His hopes were dashed as he asked for his ticket.

‘Timbuctoo, sir? Do you mean Timbuctoo in French North Africa?’

‘Yes, is there another?’ he replied rather glad that the ticket officer at the least knew of Timbuctoo

‘I only wanted to be sure, sir, that that was your intended destination. I would not want to sell you an invalid ticket for your journey. Some people do ask for the strangest of tickets. Only last week someone wanted a ticket to Riyadh. It turned out in the end he wanted to go to Rhaeadr, but couldn’t get his tongue round it. All seemed to be going well, until he was presented with his ticket.’

‘Is that all?’ he enquired.

‘Yes, sir. We have a train leaving for Paris in three hours. It will arrive tomorrow afternoon. You must continue your journey from there. ‘

There was nothing for it. He took the train to Paris, where he thought it would become possible to obtain a pass for the rest of his journey, after all Timbuctoo was in French North Africa.

The station at Paris Nord was a cacophony of the most unpleasant sounds, and aromas. His French was poor, but he understood enough to receive the message: ‘A ticket to where? It is possible that we sell you tickets to Dunquerque, Calais, Aix-la-Chappelle, Essen, Hamburg, Copenhagan, Stockholm, Oslo, Berlin, Prague even Moscow, but Timbuctoo, it is impossible. You must go to the correct ticket office to buy such a ticket. ‘

‘And where is the correct ticket office?’, he asked, but no one was able to tell him. They neither knew nor did they care. It was not their business.

He retired to a rather shabby, though for Paris Nord it was probably considered to be rather smart, hotel, to consider his next move. Whilst speaking with one of the other guests he learned that he would never be able to buy a ticket to Timbuctoo in Paris, the primary reason being that whilst he was not English, he would still be treated as if he were Rosbif. The guest however also happened to know that the train for Rome would leave at noon the following day. From Rome he would be able to travel to Naples and Palermo, and sail to Tunis, thereafter travel to Timbuctoo would be quite straightforward though not as comfortable as he would find the journey to and through Italy. Emyr was greatly encouraged, and even more so when he learned that the hotel had a railway ticket office which specialised in tickets to Italy where he was able to buy the three tickets he required to travel to Palermo there and then.

The journey through Italy, though it took five days, was as comfortable and pleasant as he had been led to understand, if not more so. It also considerably lightened his luggage as he was able to return several books by post as he passed through Naples. On his arrival in Palermo he met again the guest from the hotel in Paris, whom he chided for not telling that they would be on the same train. The gentleman excused himself that as he could not afford the first class travel they would not have been permitted to associate with each other on the journey. It was better for Emyr to travel alone than to suffer the rigours of the third class, they could however share in the journey to Tunis as the sailing vessel made no such class distinction. They travelled together to the port and embarked later that day across the Tyrrhenian Sea.

Herr Professor Doktor Ärhard Feinbaum proved to be the excellent company on the crossing. He was an archaeologist who was working in Carthage. He was also knowledgeable of Timbuctoo and provided Emyr with much insight and understanding of what to expect when he arrived, and also how to show interest in the exotic features of the locality.

Ärhard assisted Emyr in the acquisition of transport to Timbuctoo. It would be an arduous journey of three months. Emyr regretted posting some books back from Naples. He could have read them again. Ärhard however knew the drivers well, and persuaded them, by only referring to his guest as Emyr, that he should be well cared for and provided with his own private apartment on the journey. Ärhard would also ensure that a telegram was sent back to Wales to advise on Emyr’s progress as soon as it became possible to make a visit to the French government offices of the city.

Emyr acquired a journal before they left Tunis. If he could not read he would write he thought to himself. The heat, the sand and winds of the desert seemed to be perpetual. They would leave at dawn, travel for four or five hours then rest until late afternoon, when they travelled again until it was no longer possible to see. Emyr never saw any tents being dismantled or restored, but whenever they arrived at camp the tents were there ready for them, and his writing desk carefully set out. On a few days no travel was possible consequent upon the desert storms which afflicted the region from time to time. At length the caravan arrived at the outskirts of Timbuctoo, where the Berber who had led the train arranged accommodation for the now highly honoured Emyr. His writing had been worthwhile.

It was from this accommodation that Emyr sent a telegram back to his office and arranged his first visit to the enquirer.

Upon his arrival at the offices of the bridge and steel fabricant Emyr was quite taken aback to be greeted in Welsh, albeit it was Welsh with a strong Italian accent:

‚Diwrnod da, Emyr Carwen. Sut mae’n mynd gyda chi? Sut mae’ch taith wedi mynd â chi?’

‘Good day, Emyr Carwen. How goes it with you? How has your journey taken you?’ The translation from Banbara to Welsh was quite literal but Emyr understood them to ask: How are you? How was your journey?

At first he thought that they had simply learned these questions by rote to be polite, but when he proceeded to be polite himself and answered in Welsh his astonishment increased greatly in magnitude. Not only did they fully comprehend his reply, they asked for clarification in his use of hiraeth and whether it would be appropriate to use it in the context of sailor on the high seas who would in due course return home. They explained that, having no fleet themselves, they had no experience nor had any of their people of such things and so had difficulty understanding the use of the concept, as their mother tongue lacked the vocabulary for such ventures. They also asked for his assistance in enhancing their enunciation of his family name Lloyd, as, although other local languages had similar voiceless alveolar lateral fricative sounds they had not quite been able to master the Welsh sound. It was at this part of the discussion that Emyr Carwen Lloyd started to hear words that he did not even know existed in the Welsh language.

His relief was palpable when he discovered that the commercial discussions would be held in English, but the contract would be drawn up in Welsh. It appeared to him that they had already decided they would buy the steel from him, and that it was really only the quantity and quality, which would be determined by the purpose to which it was to be put, that remained to be determined. The price it appeared was not open for negotiation. The engineers had already done their work, and knew what they would be expected to pay for the various qualities that would be required. The only concern appeared to be the shipping costs, insurance of the cargo and timing. The steel, they thought, could be sent by boat from Cardiff down the west coast of Africa and then up the Niger. At some point it would have to be offloaded onto barges for the final stages of the journey, but it would eventually arrive at the port some six miles south of the city, close to the final destination where it was to be used. Timing was important as the Niger was only navigable in the vicinity of Timbuctoo for two months of the year. It would not be possible to move the eight to ten thousand tonnes of steel and iron required in the dry season, though it would be in the dry season that construction work would be undertaken.

Emyr and the engineers poured over the designs and calculations for several days, each checking the other’s figures and calculations in meticulous details. Emyr was not simply interested in the sale of the steel, but that the project itself would work. He would not sell steel for a project that would fail for other reasons, as the failure itself may be used to impugn the quality of the steel provided and reflect badly upon the Enys Jones Steel Works (Dowlais). So every detail was assessed and eventually the calculations and quantities agreed down to the number of nuts and bolts that would be provided. It was also agreed that no part of the project would be provisioned by steel from any other supplier upon pain of forfeiture of a bond that would be held by the German consulate in Tunis, there being no British presence and the French could not be trusted by either party.

The contract being concluded, it was time for Emyr to depart. Ärhard not being present he would have to arrange the journey back himself. So he went to the local travel office as suggested by his host. Anticipating that he would have to travel in stages he asked about travel back to Tunis. That would not be a problem he was told, there was a train leaving in a few days. Accommodation in it could be arranged, in the meantime arrangements could be made for him to spend time to view the city. The presence of ‘the Welsh Emyr’ had become well-known in the city and he was by then something of a celebrity. Then there was a question:

‘What is the end of your journey?’

They were not unfamiliar words to Emyr who had often sung them in the chapel at home.

‘Why I am going back home to Dowlais’ he said with a note of surprise in his voice.

‘So you would require a ticket to Dowlais then, sir.’ came the reply, ‘Would that be Dowlais Central, Dowlais Top or Dowlais Caeharris?’

Courtesy of PLC, this version PC 2021

Too much colour

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It was the reference to a woman of colour that prompted Coco to speak yet again on this matter, Coco was going to remain silent, having spoken before but the reference shows nothing has changed . Coco noticed the article is still fairly close to the top even today; it had not gone away.

In the days of regulated discrimination, upon which we frown, we had whites and coloureds, but it is now acceptable to speak of people of colour. What is the difference? As great as the difference between a rook and a castle I should think. But it set Coco thinking, that these are terms that are defined by one particular stereotype. We have many such ways of speaking of the whole world whilst at the same time making a distinction between two parts, and not necessarily the same parts. There are the Greeks and the Barbarians, the Jews and the Gentiles to name but two, oh, of course, how could Coco forget?, England and the Rest of the World, but he is not sure that in the third case the ‘Rest of the World’ actually includes the whole of the rest of the world, nor perhaps that England only includes England. Perhaps a sports fan is able to explain the matter. But what does the other group think of the first? It is ok for the Jew to speak of the Gentile, but among the Gentiles are the Greeks, who include the Jew among the Barbarians. It is no honour to a person of colour from Africa if a person of colour from India is honoured by presumably a person of no colour. The person of colour from India may well consider that the world is also divided into two parts, those who are Hindu and those who are not, but not all Indians are Hindu, or, dare Coco suggest, persons of colour?

Have you heard the one about (in alphabetical order of course so as not to offend those whose judgements have been seared by political correctness) the Scotsman, the Welshman and the Englishman? Where would the punch line be without racial stereotypes? As a stereotypical green Wellingtonioned, tweed jacketed, urban farmer (not really) Coco had long ago appreciated the Cloth, cloth Capp, bumbling bespectacled Genius, bowler hatted [word removed lest it cause offence], genteel Gentry, not to mention men of Kent, Essex and the other side of the Pennines stereotypes that are often portrayed in putatively comic literature, only later to discover that even better caricatures could be produced of nations: one which never laughs but is terrifyingly efficient; another has never worked since it lost its empire before anyone had ever even thought about Yorkshire; another only drinks coffee and eats gelato, of the best kind of course, where no-one remembers how to speak their own language properly; another cannot bear to be without their own bread, cheese and wine, and would dearly love the Rosbif to be taken off the menu; another is so laid back the [removed] could dry up and they would only notice he next time a bath was required a year later; another so committed to community they would on the underground tie the thing that was out of place, the other unknown person’s undone shoe lace without even thinking about what they are doing – you, dear Reader, know far more than Coco does – but USAsians what folly! So busy every day in the office and factory making sure that every box in every regulation has been ticked, they don’t have time to make sure that everything is actually safe, secure, that no one will be hurt, let alone find the time do any real work, and whose consciences are troubled: ‘When I WFH, am I allowed to waste as much time in idle chatter as when I am in the office or do I have to do real work?’ Cloth Capp has little hope when faced with the flint stone of regulation proceeding from a son of Simp.

So we get very hot under the collar about stereotypes when we find them in a cartoon, but when they are portrayed as ‘real’ life in a soap, who cares? The stereotypes are still there, and in a far more dangerous and offensive way: ‘real’ people get hurt. In the cartoon, the same people are there every week, they may treat each other badly, but they always come back in exactly the same way and they continue to treat each other in the way they have always done, and none of them change for the better or the worse. And we continue to laugh at them; they are not real people.

The cartoon shows us the stereotypes, and the judgements that we all would make if we thought the stereotypes are a true reflection of everyone or anyone. We learn from this. It is amusing because it is necessarily grotesque. And we know that it is not the way to behave or to copy. The soap presents us with stereotypes that appear to be real life, and being real life we learn from them too, but dangerously so, for in real life we copy the behaviours of others, and what sort of behaviours are the easiest to copy: good ones or bad ones? If they can behave like that so can we. Perhaps the soaps should portray behaviours worth the copying; but that is not for today’s post.

Paul quoted an ancient poet who said: All [of my own people] are liars, evil beasts and lazy gluttons. Stereotypes have been around for a very long time. We shall not be able to suppress the ability of men to define other men by certain characteristics (think of emotional, analytic, driver and amiable: is that nothing but stereotyping? But it is not politically incorrect to do so, yet), but we can as Epimenides and Paul did learn to use those stereotypes.

Paul showed that the answer to the stereotype proposed was to teach the people the sound doctrine of Jesus Christ, that they, and we, might turn aside from these things that defile us and the ways of behaviour that corrupt us, and instead turn to serve the living God in love, joy and peace through Jesus Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit. Only in that way will there be peace between us, and xenophobia (Greek and Barbarian, etc it is as old Babel) shall be replaced by xenophilia as we rejoice in the things that make us different.

The Simpsons: Hank Azaria apologises for voicing Indian character Apu

The actor says part of him feels he needs to apologise to ‘every single Indian person’.

Coco considers he should listen to the other part.